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葡萄牙

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正式名称:葡萄牙共和国

 

首都:里斯本

 

政治体制: 议会制共和制

货币:欧元

面积:92,090平方公里

 

人口:1,030

 

其他主要城市:波尔图,法蒂玛,科英布拉,法罗

 By Angel Hernandez -Pixabay 

葡萄牙位于欧洲西南部的的一个国家,东邻同处于伊比利亚半岛的西班牙,葡萄牙的西部和南部是大西洋的海岸。除了欧洲大陆的领土以外,大西洋的亚速群岛和马德拉群岛也是葡萄牙领土。

该国四季皆宜,气候温暖,北部属海洋性温带阔叶林气候,南部属亚热带地中海式气候。

里斯本

里斯本是葡萄牙的首都, 位于塔霍河(Tagus River)的河岸上,,是最大的海港城市,也是欧洲最具魅力和活力的城市之一。里斯本轻松地将优秀的历史文化传承,与引人注目的现代主义和进步思想融为一体。
作为度假胜地,里斯本拥有丰富的历史,多彩的夜生活和舒适怡人的气候。里斯本是一个有趣、注重生活、令人心旷神怡的地方,有着类型丰富的休闲活动和迷人的旅游景点。整个城市充满着温馨好客的氛围,同时保持着丰富的历史和悠久的文化传统。

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Antique Trams

The distinctive quaint yellow trams screech and rattle through the narrow winding streets of the city are one of Lisbon’s most iconic symbols. These antique electric vehicles are the city’s most photographed public transportation and Lisbon tram 28 is the jewel among them. The 28 tram connects Martim Moniz with Campo Ourique, and passes through the popular tourist districts of Alfama, Baixa and Chiado.

 By nextvoyage- Pixabay 
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Belém Tower

贝伦塔  位于 塔霍河河口 , 建于1514年, 用来防御贝伦区的港口,以及附近的哲罗姆派修道院。 塔内贡奉的是里斯本守护神-圣·维森特。后来逐渐转型为海关、电报收发塔和灯塔,也曾经是大航海家门的起始点。

By Nicole Pankalla - Pixabay

Jeronimos Monastery

The monastery is one of the most prominent examples of the Portuguese Late Gothic Style, known as Manueline style of architecture, a Portuguese Gothic that developed under the reign of King Manuel I.  It was classified a UNESCO World Heritage Site, along with the nearby Tower of Belém in 1983. The monastery was built to commemorate the triumphant return of Vasco da Gama from India.  It is elaborately carved to show the glorious wealth that the age of exploration brought to the Portuguese empire. A Lisbon’s must-see marvel!

Vasco da Gama

Portuguese navigator who established the sea link between Portugal and India (1497-1498), thus setting a new trade route which for over a century, would grant the Portuguese supremacy in the Indian Ocean. His tomb lies just inside the entrance to Santa Maria church located inside the monastery. 

Monument of the Discoveries

This stunning monument was built in 1960 to commemorate the 500th anniversary of the death of Prince Henry the Navigator (1394-1460), one of the great Portuguese Discoverers.  He was a central figure in the 15th-century European maritime discoveries. He discovered the Azores, Madeira and Cape Verde.

Leading the ship is Prince Henry the Navigator and behind him are 33 other great Portuguese discoverers of that era, including explorers, cartographers, artists, scientists, poets and missionaries. The courage and bravery of the Portuguese navigators crossing the world and discovered new lands was unforgettable to the world!

Try to identify the main navigators, such as Bartholomew Dias – who crossed the Cape of Torments; Vasco da Gama – who discovered the maritime route to India; Pedro Álvares Cabral – who discovered Brazil; and Magellan – the first European to cross the southern Pacific and circumnavigate the earth, which verified that the Earth was round. Come and make your own discoveries!

Compass Rose

The magnificence of the Compass Rose, a marble mosaic at the foot of the Monument that represents a compass, with the world map and the routes of the Discoveries. It’s a gift from Republic of South Africa.

25th of April Bridge

25th of April is the longest suspension bridge in Europe. It has two levels, the top level is for cars and the lower, which was added in 1999 is for trains.

It connects the city of Lisbon to the municipality of Almada. It was inaugurated on August 6, 1966 and was named Salazar Bridge, after António de Oliveira Salazar, dictator of Portugal until 1974. After the Carnation Revolution that took place on the 25 April 1974 and Salazar’s regime was overturned, the Bridge was given the name of 25th of April.

Cristo Rei National Sanctuary

Located in Almada, on the south bank of Tagus river, Cristo Rei is a sanctuary and a religious monument representing the Sacred Heart of Jesus. This majestic 110 meter high building was inaugurated in 1959.

Alfama Quarter

The oldest district of Lisbon, this picturesque neighborhood is composed of twisting narrow streets, labyrinthine alleyways, cobbled terraces, flowered balconies and steep flights of steps.  One of the most typical locations to discover the Portuguese culture.

St. George's Castle (Castelo de São Jorge)

The most visible landmark of Lisbon, this medieval Castle of São Jorge, standing tall and firm on top of the tallest hill in the city, overlooking the Portuguese capital, offers fabulous views of the city from the observation terrace. Strolling around the ramparts, castle towers and the gardens, you won’t believe you’re in the modern age!

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St. Gerorge's Castle

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By DEZALB - Pixabay
By lapping - Pixabay

Commercial Square (Praça do Comércio)

Down by the river, is Lisbon’s huge captivating square, with its grand 18th-century colonnades, triumphal arch,and statue of King José I. This was Lisbon´s great reception hall. Throughout centuries, many heads of state disembarked for meetings with the Portuguese kings and queens.

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Cathedral Sé de Lisboa

By mrfuse-wikimedia.org, CC BY-SA 2.0

Lisbon Cathedral

The oldest church in the city built by Portugal's first king on the site of an old mosque in 1150 for the city's first bishop. It is predominantly Romanesque in style.

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Cathedral Sé de Lisboa

By Vitor Oliveira from Torres Vedras-wikimedia.org, CC BY-SA 2.0
jaime-dantasby Jaime Dantas on Unsplash.

Basilica da Estrela

Basilica da Estrela

the Baroque Basilica da Estrela (Star Basilica) with its two gleaming white spires piercing the skies, draws admiring glances from all across Lisbon. The church is one of the capital's grandest.

By Jaime Dantas - Unsplash

阿威罗

位于葡萄牙的西海岸,号称葡萄牙的威尼斯,还有葡萄牙最好的大学之一。阿威罗与大海及渔业活动有着千丝万缕的联系,由于河口 (Ria) 处的三条运河从城市中穿过,造成了阿威罗独特的环境,形成了城市的参考坐标轴,也为古老和现代街区提供了天然的分界线。
您可以乘坐色彩斑斓的传统莫里切罗 (moliceiros)最初用于收获海藻的船只, 在河口中徜徉,为此次行程锦上添花。

Braga

Braga is located in Northern Portugal and was founded by the Romans with the name Bracara Augusta. It is one of the oldest Portuguese cities and one of the oldest Christian cities in the world.

Braga is fame for Bom Jesus do Monte, the most impressive religious sanctuary in Portugal.  Lies in a verdant park draped over the western slopes of Monte Espinho and remains one of Portugal's most compelling visitor attractions.

Bom Jesus do Monte (Good Jesus of the Mount)

Listed in 2019 as World Heritage by UNESCO, Bom Jesus do Monte Sanctuary is not only an important tourist attraction of Braga, it is also a site of worship for pilgrims from around the world.

The construction of the Sanctuary  began in 1784 to substitute an old temple that was demolished because of its poor state of conservation.

Connecting the Sanctuary of Bom Jesus at the submit is the splendid 18th-century granite Baroque staircase that rises 116 meters and has 640 steps.  Along the stairways, there are series of chapels displaying the 14 Stations of the Via Sacra,  the five senses section with fountains and statues of characters from the Bible and the much-photographed three virtues representing faith, hope and Christian charity.

At the submit of  Bom Jesus you can admire the beautiful gardens,  caves,  fountains, and even relax on a rowing boat.  Arguably , it offers  exhilarating views of Braga.

Good to know that you can reach the submit via the hydraulically operated funicular railway too!

Raio Palace

This palace was built in 1750, with outstanding walls clad with blue azulejos, which contrast with the graceful granite carvings on the doorways and window frames.

It’s now a museum with some old medical artefacts as well as information about the building and its recent restoration.

Republic Square (Praça da República)

The Republic Square was plotted in the 1800s, long and grand  and walled by many beautiful buildings, fountains and radiating streets.

卡斯凯

卡斯凯位于葡萄牙中西部,在里斯本西面,临大西洋的卡斯凯什湾。始建于1364年,是一个迷人的小镇。镇内街上的咖啡馆一字排开,当街上的小贩搭起亭子的时候,整个地区都显得丰富多彩。另外,这里有几家古老的教堂和礼拜堂,还有十七世纪城堡——葡萄牙总统的官邸,附近有史前时期的墓穴。

Cascais is the finest resort town of the Lisbon coastline, and is a highly recommended day trip from Lisbon. The former fishing village gained fame as a resort for Portugal's royal family in the late 19th century. Nowadays, it is a popular vacation spot for the Portuguese as well as for international tourists, all of them drawn by its fine beaches. Within Cascais are grand mansions, fascinating museums and attractive parks and  a posh ambience on these streets, in its boutiques, restaurants and cafes.The squares and sidewalks are paved with amazing mosaics in various patterns.

Santa Marta Lighthouse and Museum

Rising from the Fort of Santa Marta, the blue and white lighthouse has been guiding ships in and out of the mouth of Tagus Estuary since 1868.  Until 1981 it was manned continuously by lighthouse keepers, however these days the light is automated. The beacon still functions and a fog horn still blasts when visibility is low. Next to it , its a museum displaying the site's history as well as the development of the optical devices used in Portugal's lighthouses. 

Seixas Palace

Symbol of the city of Cascais, this manor was built in the site of the fortress of Foz, that once existed here to protect the city from enemy attacks. The castle is not open for public, but you can visit the garden for the photo opportunities. 

Museum Condes de Castro Guimarães

In 1910, the Count Manuel de Castro Guimarães aquires the house and after his dead in 1927, he donated his Palace to the state of Cascais. His desire was to built an art museum and a public library. The museum opened on July 12, 1931.

 

This museum enriched with paintings, Indo-Portuguese furniture,  jewellery, prehistoric archaeology from local caves, oriental porcelain and a neo-Gothic organ.

Citadel of Cascais

The Citadel of Cascais is built between the 15th and 17th centuries to defend the Cascais coastline and River Tagus estuary and to protect against attacks on the capital, Lisbon.

Capo di Roco, Cascais

The most westerly point of mainland Europe.

Boca do Inferno

The Boca do Inferno, means the "Mouth of Hell",  is a unique sea-arch and cliff formation. The seawater crash against the cliff, eventually carved an arch into the massive coastal rocks, and they end up in an awesome banging sound during windy days, filling the air with dense vapour all around, making it a popular tourist attraction near Cascais.

科英布拉
科英布拉是中世纪前葡萄牙的首都,依蒙太古河 (Mondego) 而建,已有100多年的历史了。科英布拉大学是葡萄牙国内最古老的大学,也是欧洲最古老,历史最悠久的大学之一,建于1290年。久而久之,这里逐渐成为一座著名的“学生城市”。大学的图书馆Biblioteca Joanina除了其令人惊叹的巴洛克式建筑外,还收藏了30万本旧书和手稿。 该大学被宣布为联合国教科文组织世界遗产。

Estoril

Casino Estoril is perfect for those who want to try their luck. Beautiful decoration, good location, plenty of opportunities (slot machines and roulette tables) - all this attracts hundreds of fortune hunters.

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Estoril Casino

By Sonse - wikimedia.org, CC BY 2.0

埃武拉

参观这座城市的最佳方式就是步行穿过城市狭窄的街巷,沿街是白色的房屋,有很多历史古迹和细节,为您呈现埃武拉的历史及其丰富的文化遗产。看看周围宁静、舒适的环境,您很容易明白为什么 15 世纪的葡萄牙历任国王会选择这座历史可追溯到古罗马时代的城市作为他们的居所,也正因为这一原因该座城市在随后的数百年间飞速发展,占据了极其重要的文化地位。埃武拉历史悠久,市中心至今保持着典型的 16 到 18 世纪风格,联合国教科文组织已将该市归为世界遗产

Roman Temple 

Temple of  Diana

This Corinthian Roman Temple was built in the 1st century and was dedicated to to Diana, the ancient Roman goddess of the moon. One of Évora’s most famous historical attractions with its 14 columns still stand proud over a granite base , as a testament to Roman grandeur.

Évora Cathedral

The Évora Cathedral is located on the highest point in Évora, offering a prime view from the rooftop terrace. The front of the cathedral is made of pink granite which resemble a fortress. The cathedral was changed and fortified throughout the years, so has a jumble of architecture. The interior contains a 15th century statue of the pregnant Virgin Mary known as The Lady of Mothers. There was probably a mosque here before.

Évora’s Walls

The old city of Évora is completely surrounded by the well preserved 14th century medieval walls, but the origins of these walls go back to the 3rd century. You can spot Moorish traces from the early middle ages too.

Giraldo Square

Évora’s main square, the city's bustling hub, a favorite meeting place where locals mingle with tourists. In the beginning of the square is the Church of Santo Antão with charming striking facade, graceful arcades, host of cafes and shops flanked the square.

Aqueduct Agua de Prata

A 16th-century aqueduct, channelling water to the city for almost 20 kilometres. It is a testament to Roman-inspired construction. Over the years, shops, warehouses, and other commercial premises have been built within its arches. The view makes great photo opportunities.

Megaliths Sites

This Neolithic site, known as Cromlech of Almendres, is a mysterious site made up of 95 granite stones, forming two huge circles, dating back 8,000 years. This mysterious piece of Neolithic site is probably served as an ancient religious site and as an astronomical tool for marking keys days in the calendar. While smaller than Stonehenge, the Cromlech of Almendres about 2000 years older. 

法蒂玛

法蒂玛 是世界神迹之城。这个圣地是一座很现代的教堂-法蒂玛圣母大教堂,圣母大教堂对于天主教而言是一个“圣地”。每年都会吸引来自世界各地的朝圣者至此朝拜。 看到一个和梵蒂冈类似的椭圆型广场,无数天主教徒来到这里朝圣,许多虔诚的教徒会双膝跪地,绕着圣母玛丽亚像跪行。这里是1917年圣母玛丽亚显灵的地方,是梵蒂冈教廷承认的圣迹,几代教皇曾经几度拜访这个地方。面对神殿的雄伟、灵性与符号象征时,就连不信教的人也难以做到无动于衷。 

蒙萨拉斯

蒙萨拉斯(Monsaraz)这个中世纪的小镇,成功的保留了其几个世纪遗留的历史特点。漫步于蒙萨拉斯(Monsaraz)小镇可以看作是一次神奇的时间之旅,因为这是唯一一个能让人找到已被现代生活所遗忘的宁静和平和。

以石灰和页岩为标志,蒙萨拉斯成为一个永远向大家开放的博物馆,尤其是在七月,是您去了解手阿莲特如居民习惯和风俗的绝佳时机,通过它的手工艺品,美食,以及各种当地的文化演出,包括音乐,戏剧,舞蹈和塑料工艺展出。

中世纪的蒙娜仁(Menagem)城堡和塔,古老的听证会大楼(十四世纪/十六世纪)和拉古阿(Lagoa)(十六世纪/十七世纪)的圣母主教堂是值得参观的遗产。

Monsaraz Castle

Monsaraz Castle is a unique touristic spot . It is one of the most splendid places to look at the wonderful Alqueva Dam,  the largest artificial lake in Europe and one of the greatest Portuguese constructions of the century. 

奥比都斯

奥比都斯是典型具有葡萄牙式建筑特色的小镇,也是里斯本附近最风景如画的小镇之一。该镇还有一个浪漫的名字 ——“婚礼之城”。历史上,国王狄尼斯(Dom Dinis)在大婚之前将小城作为礼物送给了他深爱的皇后伊莎贝尔(Dona Isabel)。如今,奥比都斯保留了千百年前的原始风貌,散发着古朴静谧的气息。这里有狭窄的鹅卵石街道、传统的彩绘房屋、还有一座雄伟的中世纪古堡。奥比都斯也许不算很大,但它是葡萄牙传统小镇的最佳典范。奥比都斯是一个值得探索的迷人之地。

波尔图

波尔图 位于国家西北部的杜罗河北岸,是葡萄牙的第二大城市。波尔图拥有丰富的历史,有趣的旅游景点和热闹的夜生活。还有其他很多好看和好玩的地方,是一座美丽而充满活力的城市,吸引众多的游客。 波尔图(Porto)在葡语里的意思是港口,同时是城市名、酒名、足球俱乐部名,更是葡萄牙(Portugal)国家名字的起源!这座从公元4世纪就有人居住的城市,随处可见各个不同时期的老建筑,大型纪念碑,完美的勾勒出老城区的轮廓,联合国教科文组织早在1996年就评定老城区为世界文化遗产。

Cais da Ribeira

Cais da Ribeira is one of the most popular neighborhoods, lined with café, restaurants and  picturesque piazza where tourists and locals mingle. You’ll have spectacular views, including sunsets over Porto’s iconic bridge, Luís I Bridge. A little chaotic but its great fun to explore.

Azulejo Art

Azulejo tiles are unique to Portugal in the way they are used to decorate buildings, streets, and homes, and this is especially noticeable in Porto.

Chapel of the Souls (Capela das Almas)

Chapel of the Souls (Capela das Almas), is a building from the 18th century that is known by its Azulejo tile covered façade. These panels represent episodes from the lives of S. Francis of Assisi and Saint Catherine. To create this magnificent piece of work, 16.000 tiles were needed.

Carmo and Carmelitas Churches (Igreja do Carmo and Igreja dos Carmelitas )

The Carmo and Carmelitas churches  look like the biggest church in the city. In fact, they are two churches in Porto that stand almost side by side, separated by one of the world’s narrowest houses. The house was built in between to prevent any  contact between the nuns of Igreja dos Carmelitas and the monks of Igreja do Carmo.

The Igreja do Carmo has an outstanding azulejo-covered exterior with the azulejos added in 1912. The tiles They depict scenes of the founding of the Carmelite Order and Mount Carmel.

Avenida dos Aliados

Avenida dos Aliados is the heart of Porto. A grandiose boulevard surrounded by many beautiful ornate buildings of different architectural styles. In the beginning of the avenue, stands the neoclassical City Hall. In front of the City Hall  is the General Humberto Delgado Square (Praça do General Humberto Delgado), a huge tree-lined square flanked by busy roads to either side. Other notable buildings include the the "O Comércio do Porto" newspaper offices and probably the most impressive of all, the "A Nacional" insurance company building. At the other end of the avenue is Liberdade Square (Praça da Liberdade), a square adorned with a statue of King Pedro IV on a horse.

Lello Bookstore (Livraria Lello)

One of the most stunning bookshops and frequently rated among the top bookstores in the world.  

The interior is lined with wooden handcrafted panels, an exquisite wooden and red velvet staircase connecting the two floors and a marvelous stained-glass skylight at the top that illuminates the shop.

Lello Bookstore is so magnificent that inspired J.K. Rowling , the author of Harry Potter,  when writing Harry Potter’s Hogwarts library.

You cannot miss a visit to this delightful bookshop, where you’ll feel that you’ve just walked into a fairy-tale setting instead of a library.